Measurement Errors MCQs

Practice Measurement Errors MCQs with four options, answers and explanations for focused Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering revision.

Question 1

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

A gross error in measurement is most commonly associated with?

AHuman mistakes such as incorrect reading or recording
BFundamental thermal noise only
CPerfect calibration
DInfinite resolution

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Correct Answer: A. Human mistakes such as incorrect reading or recording

Explanation: Gross errors typically arise from mistakes in observation, recording, setup or calculation.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 2

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

The difference between a measured value and the true value is called?

AError
BPrecision
CResolution
DSpan

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Correct Answer: A. Error

Explanation: Measurement error is the deviation of the measured result from the true or accepted reference value.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 3

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

If the true voltage is 100 V and an instrument reads 98 V, the signed measurement error (measured minus true) is?

A+2 V
B-2 V
C+98 V
D-98 V

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Correct Answer: B. -2 V

Explanation: Error = measured value - true value = 98 - 100 = -2 V.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 4

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

For a true value of 100 V and a measured value of 98 V, the magnitude of percentage error relative to the true value is?

A1%
B2%
C98%
D102%

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Correct Answer: B. 2%

Explanation: Absolute error magnitude is 2 V, so percentage error = (2/100)×100 = 2%.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 5

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

An error that remains approximately constant or changes predictably and can often be corrected by calibration is generally classified as?

ASystematic error
BRandom error
CGross error only
DQuantization noise only

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Correct Answer: A. Systematic error

Explanation: Systematic errors have identifiable, repeatable causes such as calibration or environmental effects and can often be compensated.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 6

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

Unpredictable variations in repeated measurements are commonly called?

ARandom errors
BSystematic errors
CZero errors only
DScale factors

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Correct Answer: A. Random errors

Explanation: Random errors vary irregularly due to uncontrollable or statistical influences.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 7

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

An unknown resistance is measured as 50.0 ohm with a possible absolute error of ±0.5 ohm. The maximum relative error is?

A±0.1%
B±1%
C±5%
D±10%

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Correct Answer: B. ±1%

Explanation: Relative error magnitude = 0.5/50=0.01, or 1%.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 8

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

A voltmeter has an accuracy specification of ±1% of full scale on a 100 V range. The maximum absolute error is?

A±0.1 V
B±1 V
C±10 V
D±100 V

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Correct Answer: B. ±1 V

Explanation: One percent of the 100 V full-scale value is 1 V.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors

Question 9

Measurements & InstrumentationMeasurement Errors

On a 100 V range with accuracy ±1% of full scale, a reading of 20 V may have a maximum percentage error relative to the reading of?

A1%
B2%
C5%
D20%

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Correct Answer: C. 5%

Explanation: Maximum absolute error remains 1 V; relative to a 20 V reading this is (1/20)×100=5%.

Reference: Standard measurements and instrumentation: measurement errors